Neurons are encouraged to fire in the centres of the brain specific to the affective, or emotional, component of chronic pain. The specificity to these centres is conferred by the morphology of the waveform as illustrated in the bottom section of Figure 1.

The pulseform, consisting of pulses and refractory periods (top portion of Figure 1), is structured such that it coordinates the activity of the target neurons. The rapid repetitive firing of the waveforms (top portion of Figure 1), separated by a gradually increasing latency period, encourages a progressively greater number of neurons to fire in synchrony with the waveforms as the pulse progresses. This phenomenon is termed entrainment.

After entrainment, the CNP® pulseform provides input to the targeted neurons such that they modify their rate of firing. As shown in Figure 1, the gradual increase in latency period corresponds to a decrease in the frequency of the waveforms. This results in the gradual decrease of neuronal firing frequency following entrainment, causing the frequency of chronic pain signals to be altered such that they become uninterpretable by the brain centers that comprehend pain signals. The CNP® pulseform is designed to simultaneously affect multiple neuronal centres in this manner, thereby preventing the brain from rerouting chronic pain signals through its multiple parallel pathways.